s [13]. As an example, within the high-risk category identified by standard risk screening tools, there was a threefold difference in risk between laparoscopic total abdominal colectomy and Whipple procedure. These data have been used to create a more granular risk screening model that might better inform decisions about evaluation and alternative treatment. The model requires external validation and may require institution-specific modification for application. (See "Preanesthesia evaluation for noncardiac surgery", section on 'Surgical risk'.)
Use of UpToDate is subject to the Subscription and License Agreement.
REFERENCES
Hill MV, Stucke RS, Billmeier SE, et al. Guideline for Discharge Opioid Prescriptions after Inpatient General Surgical Procedures. J Am Coll Surg 2018; 226:996.
Ott S, Maihöfner C. Signs and Symptoms in 1,043 Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. J Pain 2018; 19:599.
Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Schaffner W, et al. Opioid Analgesic Use and Risk for Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study. Ann Intern Med 2018; 168:396.
Brat GA, Agniel D, Beam A, et al. Postsurgical prescriptions for opioid naive patients and association with overdose and misuse: retrospective cohort study. BMJ 2018; 360:j5790.
Monitto CL, Hsu A, Gao S, et al. Opioid Prescribing for the Treatment of Acute Pain in Children on Hospital Discharge. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:2113.
Driver BE, Prekker ME, Klein LR, et al. Effect of use of a bougie vs endotracheal tube and stylet on first-attempt intubation success among patients with difficult airways undergoing emergency intubation: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018; :E1.
Kinsella SM, Carvalho B, Dyer RA, et al. International consensus statement on the management of hypotension with vasopressors during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:71.
Ramgolam A, Hall GL, Zhang G, et al. Inhalational versus Intravenous Induction of Anesthesia in Children with a High Risk of Perioperative Respiratory Adverse Events: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesthesiology 2018; 128:1065.
Ing C, Sun M, Olfson M, et al. Age at Exposure to Surgery and Anesthesia in Children and Association With Mental Disorder Diagnosis. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:1988.
Myles PS, Bellomo R, Corcoran T, et al. Restrictive versus Liberal Fluid Therapy for Major Abdominal Surgery. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:2263.
Puelacher C, Lurati Buse G, Seeberger D, et al. Perioperative Myocardial Injury After Noncardiac Surgery: Incidence, Mortality, and Characterization. Circulation 2018; 137:1221.
Hollman C, Fernandes NL, Biccard BM. A systematic review of outcomes associated with withholding or continuing angoitensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers before noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 2018; 126.
Liu JB, Liu Y, Cohen ME, et al. Defining the Intrinsic Cardiac Risks of Operations to Improve Preoperative Cardiac Risk Assessments. Anesthesiology 2018; 128:283.
Use of UpToDate is subject to the Subscription and License Agreement.
REFERENCES
Hill MV, Stucke RS, Billmeier SE, et al. Guideline for Discharge Opioid Prescriptions after Inpatient General Surgical Procedures. J Am Coll Surg 2018; 226:996.
Ott S, Maihöfner C. Signs and Symptoms in 1,043 Patients with Complex Regional Pain Syndrome. J Pain 2018; 19:599.
Wiese AD, Griffin MR, Schaffner W, et al. Opioid Analgesic Use and Risk for Invasive Pneumococcal Diseases: A Nested Case-Control Study. Ann Intern Med 2018; 168:396.
Brat GA, Agniel D, Beam A, et al. Postsurgical prescriptions for opioid naive patients and association with overdose and misuse: retrospective cohort study. BMJ 2018; 360:j5790.
Monitto CL, Hsu A, Gao S, et al. Opioid Prescribing for the Treatment of Acute Pain in Children on Hospital Discharge. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:2113.
Driver BE, Prekker ME, Klein LR, et al. Effect of use of a bougie vs endotracheal tube and stylet on first-attempt intubation success among patients with difficult airways undergoing emergency intubation: A randomized clinical trial. JAMA 2018; :E1.
Kinsella SM, Carvalho B, Dyer RA, et al. International consensus statement on the management of hypotension with vasopressors during caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia. Anaesthesia 2018; 73:71.
Ramgolam A, Hall GL, Zhang G, et al. Inhalational versus Intravenous Induction of Anesthesia in Children with a High Risk of Perioperative Respiratory Adverse Events: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Anesthesiology 2018; 128:1065.
Ing C, Sun M, Olfson M, et al. Age at Exposure to Surgery and Anesthesia in Children and Association With Mental Disorder Diagnosis. Anesth Analg 2017; 125:1988.
Myles PS, Bellomo R, Corcoran T, et al. Restrictive versus Liberal Fluid Therapy for Major Abdominal Surgery. N Engl J Med 2018; 378:2263.
Puelacher C, Lurati Buse G, Seeberger D, et al. Perioperative Myocardial Injury After Noncardiac Surgery: Incidence, Mortality, and Characterization. Circulation 2018; 137:1221.
Hollman C, Fernandes NL, Biccard BM. A systematic review of outcomes associated with withholding or continuing angoitensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers before noncardiac surgery. Anesth Analg 2018; 126.
Liu JB, Liu Y, Cohen ME, et al. Defining the Intrinsic Cardiac Risks of Operations to Improve Preoperative Cardiac Risk Assessments. Anesthesiology 2018; 128:283.